Cordyline australis (Cabbage Tree / Ti Kouka) is a quintessential New Zealand native tree, known for its dramatic, spiky foliage and iconic architectural form. It’s hardy, long-lived, and a standout feature in coastal and urban landscapes.
 
Description
Evergreen native tree with a tall, slender trunk and tufted crown of long, sword-shaped leaves
Leaves are dark green, sometimes with a bluish tint, up to 1 metre long
Produces panicles of fragrant white flowers in summer, followed by small black berries
Can grow 10–20 metres high in ideal conditions
Long-lived and highly resilient
 
Growing Conditions
Thrives in full sun to partial shade
Prefers well-drained soil; tolerates poor, sandy, or coastal soils
Moderate watering; drought-tolerant once established
Hardy to wind, frost, and salt spray
Low maintenance; remove old leaves and flower stalks if desired
 
Uses in Landscaping
Ideal as a feature or specimen tree
Excellent for coastal gardens, parks, and large residential landscapes
Provides habitat and food for native birds and insects
Suitable for naturalistic, contemporary, and native garden designs
Works well in group plantings or as a backdrop tree in layered landscapes